What is Urologic Cancer:

Urologic Cancers affect the organs and structures of the male and female urinary system and the male reproductive system.

Types of Urologic Cancers:

• Bladder Cancer
• Renal (kidney) Cancer
• Testicular Cancer
• Penile Cancer
• Urethral Cancer
• Prostate Cancer

Bladder Cancer:

It affects the cells that line the urinary bladder, a small sac that collects urine for excretion.

Symptoms of Bladder Cancer

• Blood in the urine
• Problems with urination
• Lower back pain
• Overly frequent urination
• Painful urination

Causes of Bladder Cancer

• Age over 40
• A job in the dye, leather, or rubber industries
• Being male
• Prior cancer treatment with arsenic or cyclophosphamide

Renal (kidney) Cancer :

It forms in the small tubes that clean the blood of the kidneys. Renal Pelvis Cancer is a rare form of this disease. It occurs in the part of the kidney that connects to the bladder.

Symptoms of Renal (kidney) Cancer:

• Anaemia
• Appetite loss
• Blood in the urine
• Enlarged veins (varicocele) near a testicle
• Fatigue
• High blood pressure
• Lump on the side or back
• Pain in the side or back
• Swelling of the ankles and legs
• Unexplained weight loss

Causes of Renal (kidney) Cancer:

• Exposure to asbestos or cadmium
• High blood pressure
• Long-term dialysis
• Obesity
• Occupation in the iron and steel industries
• Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

Testicular Cancer :

forms in a testis and accounts for only one percent of all cancers in men.

Symptoms of Testicular Cancer:

• Changes in size or firmness of testicles
• Dull ache in the groin
• Fluid build-up in the scrotum
• Pain in a testicle or the scrotum
• Painless lump or swelling on either testicle
• Breast tenderness or growth (gynecomastia)

Causes of Testicular Cancer:

• Abnormal testicular development
• Family history
• Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)

Penile Cancer:

A rare type of cancer that affects the penis — the male reproductive organ, which is as a part of the urinary system.

Symptoms of Penile Cancer:

• Blood at the tip of the penis
• Colour changes
• Discharge with odour
• Growths or sores
• Irregular swelling
• Pain
• Rash or bumps under the foreskin
• Swollen lymph nodes in the groin
• Thickened skin

Causes of Penile Cancer:

• Age over 50
• HIV/AIDS infection
• Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
• Poor personal hygiene
• Psoriasis treatment with psoralen and ultraviolet light

Urethral Cancer:

It occurs in the urethra, the tube that conducts urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In men, the urethra travels through the penis; it also carries semen. Urethral Cancer is rare, and it occurs more often in men than in women.

Symptoms of Urethral Cancer:

• Bleeding from the urethra
• Blood in the urine
• Discharge
• Enlarged lymph nodes in the groin
• Interrupted urine flow
• Lump in the perineum or penis

Causes of Urethral Cancer:

• Age over 60
• Being female
• Frequent urinary tract infections
• History of bladder cancer
• History or presence of sexually transmitted diseases

Prostate Cancer:

Prostate Cancer is cancer that occurs in the prostate — a small walnut-shaped gland in men that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.

Prostate Cancer grows slowly over a period of time and can spread to surrounding organs like urinary bladder, seminal vesicle and rectum; many a times it spreads to bones as well.

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer:

• Trouble urinating
• Decreased force in the stream of urine
• Blood in semen
• Discomfort in the pelvic area
• Bone pain
• Erectile dysfunction

Causes of Prostate Cancer:

• Prostate cancer increases as you age
• Colour of skin
• Family history
• Obesity

Preventions of Urologic Cancer:

• Digital rectal exam (DRE)
• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Diagnosis of Urologic Cancer:

• Ultrasound
• Collecting a sample of prostate tissue.
• PET Scan
• Bone Scan
• CT Scan
• MRI Fusion
• X-Ray

Treatment of Urologic cancer:

• Chemotherapy
• Hormone therapy
• Radiation therapy
• Surgery
• Supportive care

Salient Features:

• Full-time dedicated specialist so as to provide 24x7 services throughout the year
• Urologic Oncology concerns the surgical treatment of malignant genitourinary diseases such as cancer of the prostate, adrenal glands, bladder, kidneys, ureters, testicles, and penis procedures are performed Laparoscopically
• Personalised Uro Onco screening and monitoring plans at increased risk for Prostate Cancer through our screening programme